Chillianwala was fought on 13 January 1849 between Sher Singh Attariwala's army and a British force under Hugh Gough, in thick scrub between the Jhelum and the Chenab. It began late in the afternoon and ended in darkness with neither side holding the field cleanly.
The British lost around 2,300 killed and wounded, four guns and the colours of three regiments. In London it was received as a defeat. Gough was superseded, though the order arrived after the war had already been decided.
The Sikh army withdrew in good order and joined Chattar Singh's force. Six weeks later at Gujrat it was broken by artillery and the war ended.
An obelisk stands at Chillianwala over the British dead. It is in Mandi Bahauddin district in Pakistan. There is no monument to the Khalsa dead on the site.
The battle is one of very few in which a European army in India lost regimental colours to an Indian force and did not retake them.
The battle in January 1849 was fought in scrub in poor light and ended without a decision. Four British regiments lost their colours and guns were taken.
The losses were heavy enough to cause a political crisis in London, and a replacement for the commander was sent out who arrived after Gujrat had already ended the war.
The scrub explains most of it. Regiments lost sight of each other within a hundred yards, cavalry charged into thorn, and the artillery could not see what it was firing at.
Contemporary British accounts of the Second Anglo-Sikh War.