Abdus Salam was born at Jhang in 1926 and grew up there in a Punjabi Ahmadi family, though some accounts put his birth at his mother's village of Santokh Das. He took a first at Government College Lahore and went to Cambridge on a scholarship.
He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979 for the electroweak unification, which showed that electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force are aspects of one interaction. He was the first Muslim and the first Pakistani to win a science Nobel.
He founded the International Centre for Theoretical Physics at Trieste specifically so that physicists from poor countries could work without emigrating permanently, and it has trained several generations of them.
In 1974 Pakistan declared Ahmadis non-Muslim by constitutional amendment. He left the country. He is buried at Rabwah, and the word Muslim was erased from his gravestone by order.
Pakistan's only science Nobel laureate is a Punjabi whose grave has been defaced by his own state. Both halves of that sentence are documented fact.
The theory he shared the prize for predicts the W and Z particles, which were found at CERN in 1983, four years after the award. The confirmation came late and it came complete.
The Trieste centre gives working physicists from poor countries several months a year of library, seminar and colleague access and then sends them home. It was built against the brain drain rather than as a stage in it.
He kept his Pakistani passport for the rest of his life and went on advising the country's science establishment from outside it. He had set up its space agency and worked on its atomic energy programme before he left.