Bhikhiwind and the border villages

Bhikhiwind in Tarn Taran district is one of the towns of the border belt, between Khemkaran and Patti, in country that has been a frontier since 1947 and a battlefield twice.

Villages here have land beyond the fence, cultivated under Border Security Force escort through gates that open at set hours.

In 1965 the Khemkaran sector was the site of the battle of Asal Uttar, one of the largest tank battles of that war. Villages were evacuated and shelled and their people came back to rebuilt houses.

There is almost no industry in the belt for the same reason there is none at Batala: nobody invests within artillery range of a hostile border.

The Majha's border villages are the ones with the most military service per household in Punjab and the least of everything else.

Jaswant Singh Khalra, who documented the mass cremations at Amritsar and was abducted in 1995, was from Khalra, a village a few kilometres from Bhikhiwind on the road to the border.

The gates in the fence open on a fixed schedule. Farmers cross with identity cards, work under observation and come back before the gate shuts, so sowing, irrigation and harvest all have to fit inside those hours, and the crops chosen are the ones that tolerate it.

Compensation for land beyond the fence is paid at a fixed rate per acre and has been the subject of repeated protest as being far below what the same land would return if it could be farmed normally.

What we don't know

  • The number of Punjab villages with land beyond the fence, which the security forces do not publish.

Where to check this

  1. Tarn Taran district records. Punjab district gazetteers and settlement reports (Internet Archive) ↗

Named but not linked. These are real, findable documents. This project has not consulted them for this page.

  • Reporting on cultivation beyond the border fence.

This page has not yet been read through by the editor. Treat it with more caution than the rest.

How this page was written. The text is compiled from the standard published histories and reference works, not from a document held in hand. Nobody from this project has visited the place or read the archive. The list above is where a reader can go to check it, not a record of what was consulted line by line. Dates and figures are the received account. If you hold something better, write in and it will be corrected.

This is one of 69 accounts in The Crossing, the chapter of this site covering 1947 and what it did.