Haumai

Haumai is usually translated as ego and the word is built from hau and mai, I and me, doubled. It is the condition of taking oneself as the centre.

In the Guru Granth Sahib Ji it is the principal obstacle, more than desire or ignorance. The line that it is a chronic disease and also carries its own cure is among the most quoted in the volume.

The remedy given is hukam, accepting the order of things, and naam, remembrance, and the two are described as the same movement.

The five said to follow from haumai are kaam, krodh, lobh, moh and ahankar: desire, anger, greed, attachment and pride. They are named constantly in Punjabi speech and in sermons and most Punjabis can list them.

It is a psychological rather than a moral scheme. The problem identified is not wrongdoing but a mistake about where the self is.

The word is usually rendered as ego and it is closer to the assertion of a separate I. The Japji treats it as the thing that produces the cycle rather than as a moral fault.

The line most often quoted says that in haumai a person comes and goes, and that the disease and the cure are in the same place.

It is the diagnostic term of the whole tradition. Almost everything else in the teaching is a description of what follows from it or of what removes it.

What we don't know

  • Nothing central; translation of the term is argued.

Where to check this

  1. Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Japji and Asa di Var. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (searchable text and translations) ↗

Named but not linked. These are real, findable documents. This project has not consulted them for this page.

  • Standard commentaries.

This page has not yet been read through by the editor. Treat it with more caution than the rest.

How this page was written. The text is compiled from the standard published histories and reference works, not from a document held in hand. Nobody from this project has visited the place or read the archive. The list above is where a reader can go to check it, not a record of what was consulted line by line. Dates and figures are the received account. If you hold something better, write in and it will be corrected.

This is one of 130 accounts in The Ten, the chapter of this site covering the Gurus, from 1469 to 1708.