Punjab's archaeology is thin relative to what is under it.
Ropar was excavated in the 1950s, Sanghol from the 1960s and 1980s, Rakhigarhi from the 1990s. Harappa was largely dismantled for railway ballast before excavation. Sirhind, a Mughal provincial capital destroyed twice, has never been systematically excavated. Anandpur has never been excavated. Lohgarh, the first Sikh capital, has been surveyed only recently.
The Cholistan and Ghaggar-Hakra surveys identified hundreds of Harappan-period sites and very few have been dug on either side of the border.
The reasons are the usual ones: sites under cultivated land, sites under modern towns, limited departmental capacity and no funding.
The consequence is that Punjab's history before 1500 is known mainly from texts written elsewhere, and the material record that would test them is in the ground.
This is the largest and most expensive item on any list of what could be done, and it is also the one that cannot be done by a person with a phone.
Punjab has hundreds of theh, the mounds that mark abandoned settlements, and almost none has been excavated. Most are being levelled for farmland or quarried for their earth.
The state has a very small archaeology department and no excavation programme of its own. What has been dug was dug by the national survey, decades ago, at a handful of sites.
The result is that the region's history before the Gurus rests on a few sites and on texts, in a plain that has been continuously occupied for five thousand years.