The mela year

Punjab's year is a circuit of fairs and most of them are not religious in origin, whatever they are attached to now.

Maghi at Muktsar in January, with the horse and cattle fair. The Kila Raipur rural games in February. Hola Mohalla at Anandpur in March. Chhapar mela near Ludhiana in September, at the shrine of Gugga Pir, which draws lakhs and is one of the largest snake-associated observances in north India. Jarg mela in March, where clay toys and horses are sold. The Roshni mela at Jagraon at the shrine of Baba Mohkam Din. Achal Sahib near Batala. Baba Sodal at Jalandhar.

A mela was a cattle market, a hiring fair, a marriage market, a court of local reputation and an entertainment, all at once. Wrestling, kabaddi, singing competitions and theatre all ran on the mela circuit and had nowhere else to run.

Most of them still take place. What has gone is their economic function: livestock is traded elsewhere, labour is hired elsewhere, and entertainment arrives by phone.

The list above is partial. Every district has fairs that are not on any state calendar.

The year runs Lohri in January, Basant in February, Hola Mohalla and Vaisakhi in March and April, the summer urs and shrine fairs, Teej in the monsoon, and the Diwali and Maghi gatherings.

Each is attached to a place and most are attached to a shrine, and the largest of them draw lakhs from across the region.

There is no calendar of them. A person wanting to know which fair is held where and when has to ask locally, because the state's tourism material lists a handful and the rest are not written down.

What we don't know

  • A complete list of Punjab's village and small-town melas. There is none.

Where to check this

  1. Punjab district gazetteer material on fairs and festivals. Punjab district gazetteers and settlement reports (Internet Archive) ↗

This page has not yet been read through by the editor. Treat it with more caution than the rest.

How this page was written. The text is compiled from the standard published histories and reference works, not from a document held in hand. Nobody from this project has visited the place or read the archive. The list above is where a reader can go to check it, not a record of what was consulted line by line. Dates and figures are the received account. If you hold something better, write in and it will be corrected.

This is one of 120 accounts in The Village Itself, the chapter of this site covering how a Punjabi village works and what it holds.