Sham Singh Attariwala Ji

Sham Singh Attariwala Ji was a sardar of Attari near Amritsar who served through the campaigns of the 1820s and 1830s. His daughter was married to Nau Nihal Singh, Ranjit Singh Ji's grandson.

At Sobraon on 10 February 1846 the Sikh position was already compromised by the conduct of its senior commanders. He put on white, told those around him he would not leave the field, and was killed in the entrenchments.

His body was recovered and taken back to Attari for cremation. His wife performed sati.

He is the figure Punjabi accounts of the First Anglo-Sikh War put at the centre, precisely because the war's other commanders were corresponding with the enemy. He is what the army was and they are what the durbar had become.

The village of Attari, on the border, is now known for the crossing and the flag ceremony rather than for the family that gave it its name.

He was one of the senior sardars of the old state and had been at the court since Ranjit Singh Ji's time. At Sobraon he commanded on a field where the army's own leadership was suspected of arranging its defeat.

The bridge of boats behind the Sikh position went during the battle, and the army fought with the Sutlej at its back and no way across.

His body was carried back to Attari and cremated there. The vaar about him is among the best known in the Punjabi heroic repertoire.

What we don't know

  • The circumstances of his death in the entrenchments, which is told in several incompatible ways.

Where to check this

Named but not linked. These are real, findable documents. This project has not consulted them for this page.

  • Punjabi literary treatments of Sham Singh Attariwala Ji, which are numerous.

This page has not yet been read through by the editor. Treat it with more caution than the rest.

How this page was written. The text is compiled from the standard published histories and reference works, not from a document held in hand. Nobody from this project has visited the place or read the archive. The list above is where a reader can go to check it, not a record of what was consulted line by line. Dates and figures are the received account. If you hold something better, write in and it will be corrected.

This is one of 30 accounts in The Sarkar, the chapter of this site covering Ranjit Singh Ji's state, 1799 to 1849.